Correlation between vitamin D concentration and severity of community-acquired pneumonia in patients from the Amur region


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2023.10.84-89

Luchnikova T.A., Prikhodko O.B., Voytsekhovskiy V.V.

Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Blagoveshchensk
Abstract. Currently available data on the effect of vitamin D at the clinical course of pneumonia are insufficiently reliable and contradictory.
The aim: to identify or refute the correlation between serum vitamin D concentrations and the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Material and methods. Main study group included 86 patients with CAP (53,4% males and 46,51% females), who were divided into two subgroups: 1st – 48 patients with moderate CAP; 2nd – 38 patients with severe CAP. The control group consisted of 50 relatively healthy volunteers. All patients underwent a standard examination according to existing recommendations. Vitamin D levels ≥30 ng/ml were considered to be sufficient, between 29–20 as insufficient, <20 as vitamin D deficiency, <10 as severe deficiency.
Results. Total concentration of vitamin D in the blood serum in patients with CAP was significantly lower than in control group – 15,02 (8,47–21,64) versus 27,47 (24,25–30,15) ng/ml (р=0,00001). Moreover, among patients with pneumonia, sufficient levels of vitamin D were observed in 15%, insufficient – in 17%, deficiency – in 42%, severe deficiency – in 26% of cases. In severe CAP, the average vitamin D level was significantly lower than in patients with moderate CAP: 11,08 (9,95–11,72) versus 19,08 (14,01–26,83) ng/ml (p <0,05). In addition, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with bilateral or multisegmental lung damage (p=0,0001). All patients who died from CAP (n=6) had severe vitamin D deficiency – 4,89 (3,38–7,06) ng/ml. It was found that lower serum vitamin D levels were associated with longer overall disease duration and with longer radiographic resolution of pneumonia (r=-0,47, p=0,04).
Conclusion. The study found that vitamin D deficiency in blood serum can affect the severity of CAP and increase the risk of unfavorable outcomes and death.
Keywords: severity degree of pneumonia, vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D, community-acquired pneumonia
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About the Autors

Tatyana A. Luchnikova, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Department of hospital therapy with a course in pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 675000, Blagoveshchensk, 95 Gorkogo St.
E-mail: tanechkaluch89@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8319-9291
Olga B. Prikhodko, MD, professor of the Department of hospital therapy with a course of pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 675000, Blagoveshchensk, 95 Gorkogo St.
E-mail: prik0806@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9846-1574
Valery V. Voytsekhovskiy, MD, professor, head of the Department of hospital therapy with a course of pharmacology, Amur State Medical Academy of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 675000, Blagoveshchensk, 95 Gorkogo St.
E-mail: voitsehovsckij@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-2733


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