Timely cardiosurgical treatment of patients with valvular heart diseases prolongs their life and improves its quality; late diagnosis leads to decompensation, and, sometimes, to the impossibility of a radical correction of the defect. The traditional association of valvular heart disease with rheumatic fever, and now with the valve “degeneration”, has led to the fact that the therapist and the cardiologist do not think about the nosology of valve lesions, have no remembrance of other diseases, leading to development of a valve defect. The therapist must be able to diagnose and guide treatment for most patients with valvular heart diseases. Patients with clinically significant manifestations of valvular heart diseases (presence of complaints, appearance of specific symptoms) should always be considered as candidates for cardiac surgery. More complex decision-making may be required in cases of asymptomatic defect, with high risk surgery, old age, etc.

Keywords: cardiosurgical treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction, valvular heart diseases, anticoagulant therapy