Консенсус экспертов по снижению риска желудочно-кишечных кровотечений у пациентов, получающих оральные антикоагулянты


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2021.10.23-41

А.И. Кочетков, О.Д. Остроумова, А.П. Переверзев, А.И. Мартынов, И.Г. Бакулин, А.Л. Верткин, В.Н. Дроздов, С.К. Зырянов, О.А. Кисляк, Л.Б. Лазебник, И.Д. Лоранская, Н.В. Погосова, Д.А. Сычев, Е.В. Ших

Разработан Российским научным медицинским обществом терапевтов (РНМОТ), Научным обществом гастроэнтерологов России (НОГР), Национальным обществом профилактической кардиологии, 2021
ЧЛЕНЫ РАБОЧЕЙ ГРУППЫ:
А.И. Кочетков, к.м.н., доцент (Москва), О.Д. Остроумова, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), А.П. Переверзев, к.м.н., доцент (Москва)
ЧЛЕНЫ ЭКСПЕРТНОГО СОВЕТА:
А.И. Мартынов, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН (Москва), И.Г. Бакулин, д.м.н., профессор (Санкт-Петербург), А.Л. Верткин, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), В.Н. Дроздов, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), С.К. Зырянов, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), О.А. Кисляк, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), Л.Б. Лазебник, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), И.Д. Лоранская, д.м.н., О.Д. Остроумова, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), Н.В. Погосова, д.м.н., профессор (Москва), Д.А. Сычев, д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН (Москва), Е.В. Ших, д.м.н., профессор (Москва)

Литература



  1. Sugano K. How do we manage serious gastrointestinal adverse events associated with anti-thrombotic therapy? Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015; 9(1): 5–8. doi: 10.1586/17474124.2014.945913.

  2. Lanas-Gimeno A., Lanas A. Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding during anticoagulant treatment. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2017; 16(6): 673–85. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2017.1325870.

  3. Lanas A., García-Rodriguez L.A., Arroyo M.T. et al.; Asociacion Espanola de Gastroenterología. Risk of upper gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding associated with selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors, traditional non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, aspirin and combinations. Gut. 2006; 55(12): 1731–38. doi: 10.1136/gut.2005.080754.

  4. Holster I.L., Valkhoff V.E., Kuipers E.J., Tjwa E.T.T.L. New oral anticoagulants increase risk for gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2013; 145(1): 105–112.e15. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.02.041.

  5. Deitelzweig S., Keshishian A., Kang A. et al. Burden of major gastrointestinal bleeding among oral anticoagulant-treated non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients. Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2021; 14: 1756284821997352. doi: 10.1177/1756284821997352.

  6. Mihalkanin L., Stancak B. The impact of novel anticoagulants on the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020; 56(7): 363. doi: 10.3390/medicina56070363.

  7. Hylek E.M., Held C., Alexander J.H. et al. Major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving apixaban or warfarin: The ARISTOTLE Trial (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation): Predictors, characteristics, and clinical outcomes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 63(20): 2141–47. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.549.

  8. Connolly S.J., Ezekowitz M.D., Yusuf S. et al.; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009; 361(12): 1139–51. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0905561.

  9. Patel M.R., Mahaffey K.W., Garg J. et al.; ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365(10): 883–91. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1009638.

  10. Giugliano R.P., Ruff C.T., Braunwald E. et al.; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Investigators. Edoxaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2013; 369(22): 2093–104. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1310907.

  11. Лазебник Л.Б., Белова Г.В. Систематизирующая классификация мультифокальных повреждений слизистой оболочки пищеварительного тракта нестероидными противовоспалительными (НПВП) и антитромботическими (АТП) препаратами («Московская классификация»). Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2018; 3: 19–27.

  12. Eikelboom J.W., Wallentin L., Connolly S.J. et al. Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy (RE-LY) trial. Circulation. 2011; 123(21): 2363–72. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.004747.

  13. Piccini J.P., Garg J., Patel M.R. et al.; ROCKET AF Investigators. Management of major bleeding events in patients treated with rivaroxaban vs. warfarin: Results from the ROCKET AF trial. Eur Heart J. 2014; 35(28): 1873–80. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu083.

  14. Abraham N.S. Prevention of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving direct oral anticoagulants. Am J Gastroenterol Suppl. 2016; 3(1): 2–12. doi: 10.1038/ajgsup.2016.2.

  15. Abrignani M.G., Gatta L., Gabrielli D. et al. Gastroprotection in patients on antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant therapy: a position paper of National Association of Hospital Cardiologists (ANMCO) and the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterologists and Endoscopists (AIGO). Eur J Intern Med. 2021; 85: 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.11.014.

  16. Chi T.Y., Zhu H.M., Zhang M. Risk factors associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastrointestinal bleeding resulting on people over 60 years old in Beijing. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018; 97(18): e0665. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000010665.

  17. Luo P.J., Lin X.H., Lin C.C. et al. Risk factors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding among aspirin users: An old issue with new findings from a population-based cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc. 2019; 118(5): 939–44. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.10.007.

  18. Patel U.K., Dave M., Lekshminarayanan A. et al. Role of Helicobacter pylori in upper gastrointestinal bleeding among ischemic stroke hospitalizations: A nationwide study of outcomes. Gastrointestinal Disorders. 2019; 1(3): 358–71. doi:10.3390/gidisord1030029.

  19. Suceveanu A.I., Suceveanu A.P., Parepa I. et al. Reducing upper digestive bleeding risk in patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants and concomitant infection with Helicobacter pylori. Exp Ther Med. 2020; 20(6): 205. doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.9335.

  20. Barada K., Abdul-Baki H., El Hajj I.I. et al. Gastrointestinal bleeding in the setting of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2009; 43(1): 5–12. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31811edd13.

  21. Lanas A., Fuentes J., Benito R. et al. Helicobacter pylori increases the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking low-dose aspirin. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2002; 16(4): 779–86. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01230.x.

  22. Hauta-Aho M., Tirkkonen T., Vahlberg T., Laine K. The effect of drug interactions on bleeding risk associated with warfarin therapy in hospitalized patients. Ann Med. 2009; 41(8): 619–28. doi: 10.1080/07853890903186168.

  23. Battistella M., Mamdami M.M., Juurlink D.N. et al. Risk of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in warfarin users treated with nonselective NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165(2): 189–92. doi: 10.1001/archinte.165.2.189batt.

  24. Masclee G.M., Valkhoff V.E., Coloma P.M. et al. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from different drug combinations. Gastroenterology. 2014; 147(4): 784–792.e9; quiz e13–4. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.06.007.

  25. Villa Zapata L., Hansten P.D., Panic J. et al. Risk of bleeding with exposure to warfarin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Thromb Haemost. 2020; 120(7): 1066–74. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1710592.

  26. Mihalkanin L., Stancak B. The impact of novel anticoagulants on the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Medicina. 2020; 56(7): 363. doi: 10.3390/medicina56070363.

  27. Lauffenburger J.C., Rhoney D.H., Farley J.F. et al. Predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding among patients with atrial fibrillation after initiating dabigatran therapy. Pharmacotherapy. 2015; 35(6): 560–68. doi: 10.1002/phar.1597.

  28. Оробей Ю.А., Лазебник Л.Б., Николаева Э.И., Селиванова Г.Б. Факторы риска, влияющие на развитие гастродуоденальных кровотечений. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2010; 12: 31–36.

  29. Лазебник Л.Б., Комиссаренко И.А. Проблемы антикоагулянтной и(или) антиагрегантной терапии у больных пожилого и старческого возраста. Клиническая геронтология. 2018; 1–2: 46–52.

  30. Graham D.J., Reichman M.E., Wernecke M. et al. Cardiovascular, bleeding, and mortality risks in elderly Medicare patients treated with dabigatran or warfarin for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2015; 131(2): 157–64. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.114.012061.

  31. Hernandez I., Baik S.H., Pinera A., Zhang Y. Risk of bleeding with dabigatran in atrial fibrillation. JAMA Intern Med. 2015; 175(1): 18–24. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5398.

  32. Lin L., Lim W.S., Zhou H.J. e al. Clinical and Safety outcomes of oral antithrombotics for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015; 16(12): 1103.e1–19. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.09.008.

  33. Romanelli R.J., Nolting L., Dolginsky M. et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin for atrial fibrillation in real-world clinical practice. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2016; 9(2): 126–34. doi: 10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.115.002369.

  34. Graham D.J., Baro E., Zhang R. et al. Comparative stroke, bleeding, and mortality risks in older medicare patients treated with oral anticoagulants for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Am J Med. 2019; 132(5): 596–604.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2018.12.023.

  35. Halperin J.L., Hankey G.J., Wojdyla D.M. et al.; ROCKET AF Steering Committee and Investigators. Efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin among elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the Rivaroxaban Once Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF). Circulation. 2014; 130(2): 138–46. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005008.

  36. Kato E.T., Giugliano R.P., Ruff C.T. et al. Efficacy and Safety of Edoxaban in Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016; 5(5): e003432. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003432.

  37. Harper P., Young L., Merriman E. Bleeding risk with dabigatran in the frail elderly. N Engl J Med. 2012; 366(9): 864–66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1112874.

  38. Kubitza D., Becka M., Zuehlsdorf M., Mueck W. Body weight has limited infl uence on the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, or pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban (BAY 59-7939) in healthy subjects. J Clin Pharmacol. 2007; 47(2): 218–26. doi: 10.1177/0091270006296058.

  39. Gong I.Y., Kim R.B. Importance of pharmacokinetic profile and variability as determinants of dose and response to dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban. Can J Cardiol. 2013;29(7 Suppl):S24-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2013.04.002

  40. Steinberg B.A., Kim S., Piccini J.P. et al.; ORBIT-AF Investigators and Patients. Use and associated risks of concomitant aspirin therapy with oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the Outcomes Registry for Better Informed Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (ORBIT-AF) Registry. Circulation. 2013; 128(7): 721–28. doi: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.002927.

  41. Dans A.L., Connolly S.J., Wallentin L. et al. Concomitant use of antiplatelet therapy with dabigatran or warfarin in the Randomized Evaluation of Long- Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial. Circulation. 2013; 127(5): 634–40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.115386.

  42. Goodman S.G. , Wojdyla D.M., Piccini J.P.et al. Factors associated with major bleeding events: insights from the ROCKET AF trial (rivaroxaban once daily oral direct factor Xa inhibition compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and embolism trial in atrial fibrillation). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014; 63(9): 891–900. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.013.

  43. Hess C.N., James S., Lopes R.D. et al. Apixaban plus mono versus dual antiplatelet therapy in acute coronary syndromes: insights from the APPRAISE-2 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015; 66(7): 777–87. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.06.027.

  44. Desai J., Kolb J.M., Weitz J.I., Aisenberg J. Gastrointestinal bleeding with the new oral anticoagulants — defining the issues and the management strategies. Thromb Haemost. 2013; 110(2): 205–12. doi: 10.1160/TH13-02-0150.

  45. Kirchhof P., Benussi S., Kotecha D. et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation Developed in Collaboration With EACTS. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2017; 70(1): 50. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2016.11.033.

  46. Steffel J., Verhamme P., Potpara T.S. et al.; ESC Scientific Document Group. The 2018 European Heart Rhythm Association Practical Guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2018; 39(16): 1330–93. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy136.

  47. Sorensen R., Hansen M.L., Abildstrom S.Z. et al. Risk of bleeding in patients with acute myocardial infarction treated with different combinations of aspirin, clopidogrel, and vitamin K antagonists in Denmark: a retrospective analysis of nationwide registry data. Lancet. 2009; 374(9706): 1967–74. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61751-7.

  48. Abraham N.S., Hartman C., Richardson P. et al. Risk of lower and upper gastrointestinal bleeding, transfusions, and hospitalizations with complex antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients. Circulation. 2013; 128(17): 1869–77. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004747.

  49. Buresly K., Eisenberg M.J., Zhang X., Pilote L. Bleeding complications associated with combinations of aspirin, thienopyridine derivatives, and warfarin in elderly patients following acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 2005; 165(7): 784–89. doi: 10.1001/archinte.165.7.784.

  50. Hallas J., Dall M., Andries A. et al. Use of single and combined antithrombotic therapy and risk of serious upper gastrointestinal bleeding: population based case-control study. BMJ. 2006; 333(7571): 726. doi: 10.1136/bmj.38947.697558.AE.

  51. Abraham N.S., Singh S., Alexander G.C. et al. Comparative risk of gastrointestinal bleeding with dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and warfarin: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2015; 350: h1857. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h1857.

  52. Komocsi A., Vorobcsuk A., Kehl D., Aradi D. Use of new-generation oral anticoagulant agents in patients receiving antiplatelet therapy after an acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med. 2012; 172(20): 1537–45. doi: 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.4026.

  53. Alexander J.H., Lopes R.D., James S. et al.; APPRAISE-2 Investigators. Apixaban with antiplatelet therapy after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365(8): 699–708. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105819.

  54. Cheung K.S., Leung W.K. Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on novel oral anticoagulants: Risk, prevention and management. World J Gastroenterol. 2017; 23(11): 1954–63. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i11.1954.

  55. Pisters R., Lane D.A., Nieuwlaat R. et al. A novel user-friendly score (HASBLED) to assess 1-year risk of major bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation: the Euro Heart Survey. Chest. 2010; 138(5): 1093–100. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-0134.

  56. Steinberg B.A., Beckley P.D., Deering T.F. et al.; Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care. Evaluation and management of the atrial fibrillation patient: a report from the Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care. Crit Pathw Cardiol. 2013; 12(3): 107–15. doi: 10.1097/HPC.0b013e31829834ed.

  57. Lip G.Y., Frison L., Halperin J.L., Lane D.A. Comparative validation of a novel risk score for predicting bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation: The HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly) score. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57(2): 173–80. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.09.024.

  58. Abraham N.S., Castillo D.L. Novel anticoagulants: bleeding risk and management strategies. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013; 29(6): 676–83. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e328365d415.

  59. Camm A.J., Lip G.Y., De Caterina R. et al.; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG). 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J. 2012; 33(21): 2719–47. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehs253.

  60. Fang M.C., Go A.S., Chang Y. et al. A new risk scheme to predict warfarin-associated hemorrhage: The ATRIA (anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 58(4): 395–401. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.03.031.

  61. Hippisley-Cox J., Coupland C. Predicting risk of upper gastrointestinal bleed and intracranial bleed with anticoagulants: cohort study to derive and validate the QBleed scores. BMJ. 2014; 349: g4606. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g4606.

  62. Barnes G.D., Gu X., Haymart B. et al. The predictive ability of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores for bleeding risk in atrial fibrillation: the MAQI(2) experience . Thromb Res. 2014; 134(2): 294–99. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.05.034.

  63. Клинические рекомендации. Острый коронарный синдром без подъема сегмента ST электрокардиограммы. ID: КР154. Рубрикатор клинических рекомендаций Минздрава России. 2020. Доступ: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/154_3 (дата обращения – 28.08.2021).

  64. Клинические рекомендации. Острый инфаркт миокарда с подъемом сегмента ST электрокардиограммы. ID: КР157. Рубрикатор клинических рекомендаций Минздрава России. 2020. Доступ: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/schema/157_4 (дата обращения – 28.08.2021).

  65. Ruff C.T., Giugliano R.P., Braunwald E. et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis of randomised trials. Lancet. 2014; 383(9921): 955–62. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62343-0.

  66. Loffredo L., Perri L., Violi F. Impact of new oral anticoagulants on gastrointestinal bleeding in atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis of interventional trials. Dig Liver Dis. 2015; 47(5): 429–31. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.01.159.

  67. Lip G.Y., Clemens A., Noack H. et al. Patient outcomes using the European label for dabigatran. A post-hoc analysis from the RE-LY database. Thromb Haemost. 2014; 111(5): 933–42. doi: 10.1160/TH13-09-0734.

  68. Granger C.B., Alexander J.H., McMurray J.J. et al.; ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011; 365(11): 981–92. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1107039.

  69. Diener H.C., Aisenberg J., Ansell J. et al. Choosing a particular oral anticoagulant and dose for stroke prevention in individual patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: part 2. Eur Heart J. 2017; 38(12): 860–68. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw069.

  70. Heidbuchel H., Verhamme P., Alings M. et al. Updated European Heart Rhythm Association practical guide on the use of non-vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2015; 17(10): 1467–507. doi: 10.1093/europace/euv309.

  71. Abraham N.S., Noseworthy P.A., Yao X. et al. Gastrointestinal safety of direct oral anticoagulants: A large population-based study. Gastroenterology. 2017; 152(5): 1014–22.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.12.018.

  72. Desai J.C., Chatterjee P., Friedman K., Aisenberg J. Incidence and clinical presentation of gastrointestinal bleeding in atrial fibrillation patients taking direct oral anticoagulants. Am J Gastroenterol Suppl. 2016; 3(1): 13–21. doi: 10.1038/ajgsup.2016.3.

  73. Ray W.A., Chung C.P., Murray K.T. et al. Association of oral anticoagulants and proton pump inhibitor cotherapy with hospitalization for upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding. JAMA. 2018; 320(21): 2221–30. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.17242.

  74. Camporese G., Simioni P., Bernard E.

  75. Государственный реестр лекарственных средств Минздрава России. Доступ: grls.rosminzdrav.ru (дата обращения – 28.08.2021).

  76. Drug products on DrugBank Online k. Available at: https://www.drugbank.ca (date of access – 28.08.2021).

  77. Остроумова О.Д., Волкова Е.А., Кочетков А.И. с оавт. Профилактика желудочно-кишечных кровотечений у пациентов, получающих пероральные антикоагулянты: фокус на ингибиторы протонной помпы. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2019; 5: 128–137.

  78. Bhatt D.L., Scheiman J., Abraham N.S. et al. ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents. Circulation. 2008; 118(18): 1894–909. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.191087.

  79. Лазебник Л.Б., Васильев Ю.В., Щербаков П.Л. с соавт. Нelicobacter pylori: распространенность, диагностика, лечение. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2010; 2: 3–7.

  80. Heidbuchel H., Verhamme P., Alings M. et al.; European Heart Rhythm Association. European Heart Rhythm Association practical guide on the use of new oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Europace. 2013; 15(5): 625–51. doi: 10.1093/europace/eut083.

  81. Abraham N.S., Hlatky M.A., Antman E.M. et al; ACCF/ACG/AHA. ACCF/ACG/AHA 2010 Expert Consensus Document on the concomitant use of proton pump inhibitors and thienopyridines: a focused update of the ACCF/ACG/AHA 2008 expert consensus document on reducing the gastrointestinal risks of antiplatelet therapy and NSAID use: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents. Circulation. 2010; 122(24): 2619–33. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e318202f701.

  82. Бордин Д.С., Машарова А.А., Лазебник Л.Б. Длительная терапия кислотозависимых заболеваний ингибиторами протонной помпы и риск колоректального рака (обзор литературы). Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2008; 4: 36–37.

  83. Лазебник Л.Б., Бордин Д.С., Машарова А.А. Длительная терапия ингибиторами протонной помпы: баланс пользы и рисков. Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. 2010; 9: 3–8.

  84. Chan E.W., Lau W.C., Leung W.K. et al. Prevention of dabigatran-related gastrointestinal bleeding with gastroprotective agents: a population-based study. Gastroenterology. 2015; 149(3): 586–95.e3. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.002.

  85. Deferme S., Augustijns P. The effect of food components on the absorption of P-gp substrates: a review. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2003; 55(2): 153–162. doi: 10.1211/002235702603.

  86. Остроумова О.Д., Кочетков А.И. Роль нарушений структуры кишечного барьера в патогенезе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и возможности ребамипида в их коррекции. Фарматека. 2020; 13: 29–41.

  87. Naito Y., Yoshikawa T. Rebamipide: A gastrointestinal protective drug with pleiotropic activities. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010; 4(3): 261–70. doi: 10.1586/egh.10.25.

  88. Yamashita T., Watanabe E., Ikeda T. et al. Observational study of the effects of dabigatran on gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. J Arrhythm. 2014; 30: 478–84. doi: 10.1016/j.joa.2014.02.011.

  89. Miller C.S., Dorreen A., Martel M. et al. Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking non-vitamin k antagonist oral anticoagulants: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017; 15(11): 1674–83.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.04.031.

  90. Watanabe T., Takeuchi T., Handa O. et al. A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of high-dose rebamipide treatment for low-dose aspirin-induced moderate-to-severe small intestinal damage. PLoS One. 2015;10(4): e0122330. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.012233.


Об авторах / Для корреспонденции


Леонид Борисович Лазебник, д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры поликлинической терапии ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России, президент Научного общества гастроэнтерологов России, вице-президент Российского научного медицинского общества терапевтов, член президиума Общества врачей России, член президиума Национальной медицинской палаты. Адрес: 127473, г. Москва, Делегатская ул., д. 20, стр. 1. Тел.: 8 (985) 920-83-42. E-mail: leonid.borisl@gmail.com


Похожие статьи


Бионика Медиа