Clinical and structural-functional respiratory consequences of a bronchopulmonary dysplasia at children, adolescents and young adults


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2019.5.86-96

Boitsova E.V., Ovsyannikov D.Y.

1) Department of therapeutic pulmonology of Institute of pulmonology of I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia 2) Department of pediatrics of Medical Institute of Peoples Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of science and higher education of Russia, Moscow
Prematurity, as well as complications of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal respiratory therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), are now considered risk factors for bronchial asthma in children and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. Persistent reduction in lung size in premature infants and pathohistological changes inherent in BPD cause violations of the ventilation ability of the lungs and clinical symptoms of chronic respiratory failure and/or bronchial obstruction both in childhood and often in adolescents and adults. The review of literature on the basis of own and literary data provides information on the clinical, functional and structural consequences of prematurity and BPD in preschool and school-age children, adolescents and young adults. The presented clinical data, the results of the study of the function of external respiration by methods of spirography, spirometry, ergospirometry, plethysmography, nitrogen leaching, tests with exercise and metacholine, studies of the diffusion ability of the lungs indicate a long-term preservation of respiratory function disorders in old age, as well as structural changes in pulmonary tissue during computed tomography of the lungs in the form of emphysema, fibrosis, thickening of the walls of the bronchi. Justified the assignment of patients with BPD in anamnesis to the risk group of early development of COPD.
Keywords: bronchopulmonary dysplasia, consequences, function of external respiration, computed tomography of lungs, young adults
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About the Autors

Evgenia V. Boitsova, leading researcher of the therapeutic pulmonology Department of Institute of pulmonology of I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 199111, Saint Petersburg, 12 Rontgen str. Тел.: +7 (812) 542-53-62. E-mail: evboitsova@mail.ru
Dmitry Yu. Ovsyannikov, MD, the Head of the Department of pediatrics of Medical Institute of Peoples Friendship University of Russia of the Ministry of science and higher education of Russia. Address: 117198, Moscow, 6 Miklouho-Maclay str. Tel.: +7 (495) 959-88-00 (1508). E-mail: mdovsyannikov@yahoo.com

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