Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis of lower limb arteries in patients aged 40–64 years at low and moderate cardiovascular risk


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2021.2.23-28

Genkel V.V., Lebedev E.V., Salashenko A.O., Pykhova L.R., Shaposhnik I.I.

South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia, Chelyabinsk
Abstract. The aim of the research was to study the frequency of asymptomatic atherosclerotic damage of carotid arteries and arteries of the lower extremities in middle-aged patients of low and medium cardiovascular risk (CVR), as well as its relationship with traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
Material and methods. 129 patients with low (40,3%) and medium (59,7%) CVR were studied. Duplex ultrasound scanning of the carotid arteries and the arteries of the lower extremities was made to all the participants of the study.
Results. Atherosclerotic plaques (ASP) in the carotid arteries were found in 64.3% of patients, in the arteries of the lower extremities – in 50,4%. At the same time, ASP stenosing these vessels by more than 50% in diameter were detected in less than 2.0% of cases. In 30 (23,2%) patients, ASP were found in no one of the studied vascular pools, while damage of one and two pools was observed in 37,9% and 38,9% of patients, respectively. According to multiple logistic regression analysis, including traditional CVD risk factors, only age was independently associated with an increase in the odds ratio of ASP presence in the carotid arteries. The factors independently associated with atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities were only male gender and age.
Conclusion. Subclinical atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries and arteries of the lower extremities was detected in the majority of patients aged 40–64 with low and medium CVR included in the study, which required their re-stratification and high CVR assignment.
Keywords: atherosclerosis, subclinical atherosclerosis, cardiovascular risk, atherosclerotic plaque
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About the Autors

Vadim V. Genkel, PhD, associate professor of the Department of propedeutics of internal medicine, South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia. Address: 454092, Chelyabinsk, 64 Vorovsky Str.
Tel.: +7 (951) 441-70-61. E-mail: henkel-07@mail.ru. ORCID: 0000-0001-5902-3803
Evgeny V. Lebedev, PhD, associate professor of the Department of propedeutics of internal medicine, South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia. Address: 454092, Chelyabinsk, 64 Vorovsky Str. Tel.: +7 (908) 085-75-50. E-mail: evgueni.lebedev@mail.ru. ORCID: 0000-0002-7954-2990
Alexey O. Salashenko, PhD, associate professor of the Department of propedeutics of internal medicine, South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia. Address: 454092, Chelyabinsk, 64 Vorovsky Str. Tel.: +7 (908) 062-96-93. E-mail: salachenko@hotmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0003-3962-3662
Lyubov R. Pykhova, junior researcher of the Central research laboratory of South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia. Address: 454092, Chelyabinsk, 64 Vorovsky Str. Tel.: +7 (904) 307-50-09.
E-mail: lyubov_pykhova@mail.ru. ORCID: 0000-0003-0658-7626
Igor I. Shaposhnik, MD, professor, head of the Department of propedeutics of internal medicine, South-Ural State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia. Address: 454092, Chelyabinsk, 64 Vorovsky Str.
Tel.: +7 (908) 823-51-20. E-mail: shaposhnik@ya.ru. ORCID: 0000-0002-7731-7730

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