Competing course of COVID-19 coronavirus infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and systemic lupus erytheis with multiorganic complications


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2023.3.83-91

Frolova N.F., Terentieva N.V., Iskhakov R.T., Usatyuk S.S., Mutovina Z.Yu., Andreev S.S., Volgina G.V.

1) City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow; 2) A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia; 3) Central State Medical Academy of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow
Abstract. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are a vulnerable group in terms of the viewpoint of the COVID-19 pandemic impact at disease management. Presented clinical observation demonstrates a combination of two deadly dangerous diseases: coronavirus infection and SLE. Clinical course of high-grade SLE with pulmonary damage in the form of hemorrhagic pulmonitis, complicated by the development of bilateral polysegmental pneumonia (CT pattern of stages 3–4), in the described example, required performing of ALV, antiviral and pathogenetic therapy for COVID-19, including systemic glucocorticoids use, treatment of secondary bacterial, fungal and cytomegalovirus infections, as well as performing renal replacement therapy and sessions of high-volume plasma exchange due to acute renal injury.

Literature


1. Worldometer. COVID Live – Coronavirus statistics. URL: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus (date of access – 01.04.2022).


2. Guan W.J., Ni Z.Y., Hu Y. et al. Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. New Engl J Med. 2020; 382(18): 1708–20. https://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.


3. Huang C., Wang Y., Li X. et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223): 497–506. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.


4. Gralinski L.E., Sheahan Т.Р., Morrison T.E. et al. Complement activation contributes to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus pathogenesis. MBio. 2019; 9(5): e01753–18. https://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01753-18.


5. Gao T., Hu M., Zhang X. et al. Highly pathogenic coronavirus N protein aggravates lung injury by MASP-2-mediated complement over-activation. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022; 7(1): 318. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-01133-5.


6. Java A., Apicelli A.J., Liszewski M.K. et al. The complement system in COVID-19: Friend and foe? JCI Insight. 2020; 5(15): e140711. https://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.140711.


7. Sole С., Domingo S., Vidal Х., Cortes-Hernández J. Humoral and cellular response in convalescent COVID-19 lupus patients. Scientifc Reports. 2022; 12(1): 13787. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17334-5.


8. De Bont C.M., Boelens W.C., Prujin G.J.M. NETosis, complement and coagulation: A triangular relationship. Cell Mol Immunol. 2019; 16(1): 19–27. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41423-018-0024-0.


9. Sawalha A.H., Zhao M., Coit P., Lu Q. Epigenetic dysregulation of ACE2 and interferon-regulated genes might suggest increased COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in lupus patients. Clin Immunol. 2020; 215: 108410. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108410.


10. Fu X.L., Qian Y., Jin X.H. et al.. COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review. Lupus. 2022; 31(6): 684–96. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09612033221093502.


11. Kiriakidou M., Ching C.L. Systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med. 2020; 172(11): ITC81–ITC96. https://dx.doi.org/10.7326/AITC202006020.


12. Cho J., Kandane-Rathnayake R., Louthrenoo W. et al. COVID-19 infection in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from the Asia Pacific Lupus Collaboration. Int J Rheum Dis. 2020; 23(9): 1255–57. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1756-185X.13937.


13. El Aoud S., Morin C., Lorriaux P. et al. COVID-19 presenting as lupus erythematosus-like syndrome. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020; 15(4): e12–e15. https://dx.doi.org/10.1017 / dmp.2020.358.


14. He F., Luo Q., Lei M. et al. Successful recovery of recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19 patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report and review. Clin Rheumatol. 2020; 39(9): 2803–10. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05230-0.


15. Rathi M., Singh P., Bi H.P. et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Observations from an Indian inception cohort. Lupus. 2021; 30(1): 158–64. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203320962855.


16. Gracia-Ramos A.E., Saavedra-Salinas M. Can the SARSCoV-2 infection trigger systemic lupus erythematosus? A case-based review. Rheumatol Int. 2021; 41(4): 799–809. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04794-7.


17. Zamani B., Moeini Taba S.M., Shayestehpour M. Systemic lupus erythematosus manifestation following COVID-19: A case report. J Med Case Rep. 2021; 15(1): 29. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13256-020-02582-8.


18. Soloway S., DePace N.L., Soloway A.M., Colombo J. Lupus pneumonitis therapy masks coronavirus (COVID-19). Case Rep Rheumatol. 2021; 2021: 6645780. https://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6645780.


19. Kichloo A., Aljadah M., Albosta M. et al. COVID-19 and acute lupus pneumonitis: diagnostic and treatment dilemma. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2020; 8: 232470962093343. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2324709620933438.


20. Xu Z., Shi L., Wang Y. et al. Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med. 2020; 8(4): 420–22. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30076-X.


21. Rua-Figueroa I., Lopez-Longo J., Galindo-Izquierdo M. et al. Incidence, associated factors and clinical impact of severe infections in a large, multicentric cohort of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2017; 47(1): 38–45. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2017.01.010.


22. Thomas G., Mancini J., Jourde-Chiche N. et al. Mortality associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in France assessed by multiple-cause-of-death analysis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014; 66(9): 2503–11. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.38731.


23. Gianfrancesco M., Hyrich K.L., Al-Adely S. et al. Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020; 79(7): 859–66. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871.


24. Lee A.R., Wong S.Y., Chai L.Y.A. et al. Efficacy of covid19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2022; 376: e068632. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ bmj-2021-068632.


25. Favalli E.G., Gerosa M., Murgo A., Caporali, R. Are patients with systemic lupus erythematosus at increased risk for COVID19? Ann Rheum Dis. 2021; 80(2): e25. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217787.


26. Goyal M., Patil Р., Pathak H. et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on patients with SLE: Results of a large multicentric survey from India. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021; 80(5): e71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218013.


27. Ramirez G.A., Gerosa M., Beretta L. et al. COVID-19 in systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from a survey on 417 patients. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020; 50(5): 1150–57. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.06.012.


28. Bozzalla Cassione E., Codullo V., Cavagna L. COVID-19 infection in a Northern-Italian cohort of systemic lupus erythematosus assessed by telemedicine. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020; 79(10): 1382–83. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217717.


29. Fernandez-Ruiz R., Masson М., Kim M.Y. et al. Leveraging the United States EpiCenter to provide insights on COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020; 72(12): 1971–80. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.41450.


30. Mehta P., Gasparyan A.Y., Zimba O., Kitas G.D. Systemic lupus erythematosus in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic: Infection, vaccination, and impact on disease management. Clin Rheumatol. 2022; 41(9): 2893–910. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007 / s10067-022-06227-7.


31. Ugarte-Gil M.F., Alarcon G.S., Izadi Z. et al. Characteristics associated with poor COVID-19 outcomes in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus: Data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022; 81(7): 970–78. https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-221636.


32. Pedrosa T., de Kupa L.V.K., Aikawa N.E. et al. Lupus nephritis-related issues during COVID-19 pandemic quarantine. Lupus. 2020; 29(14): 1978–80. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203320957098.


33. Thanou A., Sawalha A.H. SARS-CoV-2 and systemic lupus erythematosus. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2021; 23(2): 8. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11926-020-00973-w.


About the Autors


Nadia F. Frolova, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Department of nephrology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, deputy chief physician for nephrological care of City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: nadiya.frolova@yandex.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6086-5220
Natalya V. Terentyeva, nephrologist at 2nd Department of nephrology, City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: natterentyeva14@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0614-8076
Rustam T. Iskhakov, head of the Department of resuscitation and intensive care No. 2 for nephrological patients of City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: stamius@yandex.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2850-4465
Sergey S. Usatyuk, head of the 2nd Department of nephrology of City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: usatuk-doc@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-3860
Zinaida Yu. Mutovina, PhD in Medical Sciences, associate professor of the Department of therapy, cardiology and functional diagnostics with the course of nephrology, Central State Medical Academy of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, head of the Department of rheumatology No. 1 of City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: zmutovina@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5809-6015
Sergey S. Andreev, head of the Department of clinical pharmacology, City Clinical Hospital No. 52 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 123182, Moscow, 3 Pekhotnaya Str. E-mail: nerowolf@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9147-4636
Galina V. Volgina, MD, professor of the Department of nephrology, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 111398, Moscow, 1/4 Kuskovskaya Str. E-mail: volginagv@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7771-4074


Similar Articles


Бионика Медиа