Anxiety and depressive symptomatology and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in the youth population: a cross-sectional study
E.S. Gavrilova, V.S. Chulkov
Background. Psychosocial factors, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, significantly influence the risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases and treatment adherence. The early diagnosis of these conditions in young individuals is a promising direction for primary prevention programs.
Objective: To evaluate the association among anxiety, depression, and behavioral cardiometabolic risk factors among university students.
Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study (survey) was conducted on 3296 students (22.7% male, 77.3% female; median age 21.0 years) from 19 universities across 16 Russian cities. The HADS scale was used to assess psychosocial status, while the CINDI (smoking, nutrition and alcohol) and IPAQ (physical activity) questionnaires were used to evaluate lifestyle factors.
Results. The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression were 48.3% and 32.6%, respectively. Anxiety was significantly more frequent in women (52.4% vs. 34.6% in men; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk of anxiety was associated with active smoking (odds ratio [OR] 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.88), alcohol consumption (OR 1.66), low physical activity (OR 1.22), and suboptimal nutrition (OR 1.39). The risk of depression was associated with low physical activity (OR 1.47) and suboptimal nutrition (OR 1.44).
Conclusion. A high prevalence of anxiety and depression was identified in the youth population, showing independent associations with modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors.
For citation: Gavrilova ES, Chulkov VS. Anxiety and depressive symptomatology and their associations with cardiometabolic risk factors in the youth population: A cross-sectional study. Therapy (Moscow). 2026;12(5S):17–21.
https://doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2026.5-s5.17-21
Ключевые слова
anxiety
depression
youth
risk factors
cardiometabolic risk
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Об авторах / Для корреспонденции
Elena S. Gavrilova, MD, PhD (Medicine), associate professor of the Department of polyclinic therapy and clinical pharmacology, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7137-6935. Scopus ID: 57217533220. eLibrary SPIN: 5110-1684
Vasiliy S. Chulkov, MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), head of the Department of hospital therapy, director of the Medical Institute, Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Veliky Novgorod, Russian Federation.
E-mail: vschulkov@rambler.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0952-6856. Scopus ID: 55246314800. eLibrary SPIN: 8001-0051
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