Роль гиперурикемии в течении некоторых ревматических заболеваний
Аннотация. Гиперурикемия (ГУ) – патологическое состояние, при котором определяется стойкое повышение уровня мочевой кислоты в сыворотке крови > 360 мкмоль/л. Согласно данным эпидемиологических наблюдений, в настоящее время отмечается существенное увеличение частоты ГУ во многих странах мира. Большим количеством экспериментальных и клинических исследований доказано, что увеличение уровня мочевой кислоты в сыворотке крови даже на этапе бессимптомного течения является значимым фактором возникновения и прогрессирования метаболических заболеваний, а также патологии сердечно-сосудистой системы и почек. В международной литературе появляется все больше данных о негативном влиянии ГУ на течение остеоартрита, ревматоидного артрита и псориатического артрита. Более детальное изучение и понимание данных взаимосвязей позволит оптимизировать подходы к комплексной терапии и улучшению прогноза пациентов с ревматическими заболеваниями.Мазуров В.И., Башкинов Р.А., Трофимов Е.А.
Ключевые слова
Список литературы
1. Драпкина О.М., Мазуров В.И., Мартынов А.И., Насонов Е.Л., Сайганов С.А., Лила А.М. с соавт. Консенсус для врачей по ведению пациентов с бессимптомной гиперурикемией в общетерапевтической практике. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2024;23(1):89–104. (Drapkina OM, Mazurov VI, Martynov AI, Nasonov EL, Saiganov SA, Lila AM et al. Consensus statement on the management of patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia in general medical practice. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika = Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2024;23(1):89–104 (In Russ.)).
EDN: WXKMIG. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2024-3737
2. Zhang M, Zhu X, Wu J, Huang Z, Zhao Z, Zhang X et al. Prevalence of hyperuricemia among Chinese adults: Findings from two nationally representative cross-sectional surveys in 2015–16 and 2018–19. Front Immunol. 2022;12:791983.
PMID: 35197964. PMCID: PMC8858821. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.791983
3. Chen-Xu M, Yokose C, Rai SK, Pillinger MH, Choi HK. Contemporary prevalence of gout and hyperuricemia in the United States and decadal trends: The national health and nutrition examination survey, 2007–2016. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019;71(6):991–99.
PMID: 30618180. PMCID: PMC6536335. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.40807
4. Шальнова С.А., Деев А.Д., Артамонова Г.В., Дупляков Д.В., Ефанов А.Ю., Жернакова Ю.В. с соавт. Гиперурикемия и ее корреляты в российской популяции (результаты эпидемиологического исследования ЭССЕ-РФ). Рациональная фармакотерапия в кардиологии. 2014;10(1):153–159. (Shalnova SA, Deev AD, Artamonova GV, Duplyakov DV, Efanov AYu, Zhernakova YuV et al. Hyperuricemia and its correlates in the Russian population (results of ESSE-RF epidemiological study). Ratsional’naya farmakoterapiya v kardiologii = Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology. 2014;10(1):153–159 (In Russ.)).
EDN: SCOUHN. https://doi.org/10.20996/1819-6446-2014-10-2-153-159
5. Шальнова С.А., Имаева А.Э., Куценко В.А., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Шепель Р.Н. с соавт. Гиперурикемия и артериальная гипертония у лиц трудоспособного возраста: результаты популяционного исследования. Кардиоваскулярная терапия и профилактика. 2023;22(9S):93–102. (Shalnova SA, Imaeva AE, Kutsenko VA, Balanova YuA, Kapustina AV, Shepel RN et al. Hyperuricemia and hypertension in working-age people: Results of a population study. Kardiovaskulyarnaya terapiya i profilaktika = Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention. 2023;22(9S):93–102 (In Russ.)).
EDN: TAHKSZ. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3783
6. Dehlin M, Jacobsson L, Roddy E. Global epidemiology of gout: Prevalence, incidence, treatment patterns and risk factors. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2020;16(7):380–90.
PMID: 32541923. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-020-0441-1
7. Dalbeth N, Phipps-Green A, Frampton C, Neogi T, Taylor WJ, Merriman TR. Relationship between serum urate concentration and clinically evident incident gout: An individual participant data analysis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018;77(7):1048–52.
PMID: 29463518. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-212288
8. Kuwabara M, Niwa K, Hisatome I, Nakagawa T, Roncal-Jimenez CA, Andres-Hernando A et al. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia without comorbidities predicts cardiometabolic diseases: Five-year Japanese cohort study. Hypertension. 2017;69(6):1036–44.
PMID: 28396536. PMCID: PMC5426964. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08998
9. Yu W, Cheng JD. Uric acid and cardiovascular disease: An update from molecular mechanism to clinical perspective. Front Pharmacol. 2020;11:582680.
PMID: 33304270. PMCID: PMC7701250. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.582680
10. Yokose C, Chen M, Berhanu A, Pillinger MH, Krasnokutsky S. Gout and osteoarthritis: Associations, pathophysiology, and therapeutic implications. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2016;18(10):65.
PMID: 27686950. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11926-016-0613-9
11. Nada D, Gaber R, Mahmoud AS, Elkhouly R, Alashkar D. Hyperuricemia among egyptian rheumatoid arthritis patients. Is it an association or an inflammatory marker? A cross-sectional observational study. Open Access Rheumatol. 2021;13:305–14.
PMID: 34675698. PMCID: PMC8502065. https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S331488
12. Allen KD, Thoma LM, Golightly YM. Epidemiology of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2022;30(2):184–95.
PMID: 34534661. PMCID: PMC10735233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2021.04.020
13. Мазуров В.И., Трофимова А.С., Трофимов Е.А. Факторы риска и некоторые аспекты патогенеза остеоартрита. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И. И. Мечникова. 2016;8(2):116–125. (Mazurov VI, Trofimova AS, Trofimov EA. Risk factors and some aspects of the osteoarthritis pathogenesis. Vestnik Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta imeni I.I. Mechnikova = Herald of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2016;8(2):116–125 (In Russ.)). EDN: WLSQZR.
14. Juraschek SP, Miller ER 3rd, Gelber AC. Body mass index, obesity, and prevalent gout in the United States in 1988–1994 and 2007–2010. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65(1):127–32.
PMID: 22778033. PMCID: PMC3482278. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.21791
15. Neogi T, Krasnokutsky S, Pillinger MH. Urate and osteoarthritis: Evidence for a reciprocal relationship. Joint Bone Spine. 2019;86(5):576–82.
PMID: 30471419. PMCID: PMC6531371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2018.11.002
16. Ma CA, Leung YY. Exploring the link between uric acid and osteoarthritis. Front Med (Lausanne). 2017;4:225.
PMID: 29326934. PMCID: PMC5733531. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2017.00225
17. Roddy E, Doherty M. Gout and osteoarthritis: A pathogenetic link? Joint Bone Spine. 2012;79(5):425–27.
PMID: 22867976. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2012.03.013
18. Simkin PA, Campbell PM, Larson EB. Gout in Heberden’s nodes. Arthritis Rheum. 1983;26(1):94–97.
PMID: 6824509. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.1780260116
19. Zhang B, Duan M, Long B, Zhang B, Wang D, Zhang Y et al. Urate transport capacity of glucose transporter 9 and urate transporter 1 in cartilage chondrocytes. Mol Med Rep. 2019;20(2):1645–54.
PMID: 31257523. PMCID: PMC6625399. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10426
20. Nasi S, Castelblanco M, Chobaz V, Ehirchiou D, So A, Bernabei I et al. Xanthine oxidoreductase is involved in chondrocyte mineralization and expressed in osteoarthritic damaged cartilage. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021;9:612440.
PMID: 33634117. PMCID: PMC7900416. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.61244
21. Chhana A, Callon KE, Pool B, Naot D, Gamble GD, Dray M et al. The effects of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals on chondrocyte viability and function: implications for development of cartilage damage in gout. J Rheumatol. 2013;40(12):2067–74.
PMID: 24187106. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.130708
22. Muehleman C, Li J, Aigner T, Rappoport L, Mattson E, Hirschmugl C et al. Association between crystals and cartilage degeneration in the ankle. J Rheumatol. 2008;35(6):1108–17.
PMID: 18412302. PMCID: PMC6240447.
23. Crisan TO, Cleophas MC, Oosting M, Lemmers H, Toenhake-Dijkstra H, Netea MG et al. Soluble uric acid primes TLR-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by human primary cells via inhibition of IL-1Ra. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(4):755–62.
PMID: 25649144. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206564
24. Denoble AE, Huffman KM, Stabler TV, Kelly SJ, Hershfield MS, McDaniel GE et al. Uric acid is a danger signal of increasing risk for osteoarthritis through inflammasome activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(5):2088–93.
PMID: 21245324. PMCID: PMC3033282. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1012743108
25. Jacques C, Gosset M, Berenbaum F, Gabay C. The role of IL-1 and IL-1Ra in joint inflammation and cartilage degradation. Vitam Horm. 2006;74:371–403.
PMID: 17027524. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6729(06)74016-X
26. Webb R, Jeffries M, Sawalha AH. Uric acid directly promotes human T-cell activation. Am J Med Sci. 2009;337(1):23–27.
PMID: 19057377. https://doi.org/10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31817727af
27. Getting SJ, Flower RJ, Parente L, de Medicis R, Lussier A, Woliztky BA et al. Molecular determinants of monosodium urate crystal-induced murine peritonitis: A role for endogenous mast cells and a distinct requirement for endothelial-derived selectins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997;283(1):123–30.
PMID: 9336316.
28. Lai JH, Luo SF, Hung LF, Huang CY, Lien SB, Lin LC et al. Physiological concentrations of soluble uric acid are chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):2359.
PMID: 28539647. PMCID: PMC5443811. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02640-0
29. Accart N, Dawson J, Obrecht M, Lambert C, Flueckiger M, Kreider J et al. Degenerative joint disease induced by repeated intra-articular injections of monosodium urate crystals in rats as investigated by translational imaging. Sci Rep. 2022;12(1):157.
PMID: 34997110. PMCID: PMC8742129. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04125-7
30. Kuo CF, Grainge MJ, Mallen C, Zhang W, Doherty M. Comorbidities in patients with gout prior to and following diagnosis: Case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016;75(1):210–17.
PMID: 25398375. PMCID: PMC4717388. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-206410
31. Liang Z, Wu D, Zhang H, Gu J. Association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and risk of arthritis, findings from a US National Survey 2007-2018. BMJ Open. 2024;14(2):e074391.
PMID: 38346893. PMCID: PMC10862310. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074391
32. Wang S, Pillinger MH, Krasnokutsky S, Barbour KE. The association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis: Data from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2019;27(9):1301–8.
PMID: 31158484. PMCID: PMC6702067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2019.05.013
33. Cao TN, Huynh KN, Tran HT, Nguyen MD. Association between asymptomatic hyperuricemia and knee osteoarthritis in older outpatients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2022;26(18):6600–7.
PMID: 36196710. https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_202209_29760
34. Zhu Y, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Doherty M, Yang Z et al. Association between hyperuricaemia and hand osteoarthritis: Data from the Xiangya Osteoarthritis study. RMD Open. 2023;9(4):e003683.
PMID: 38053456. PMCID: PMC10693871. https://doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2023-003683
35. Musacchio E, Perissinotto E, Sartori L, Veronese N, Punzi L, Zambon S et al. Hyperuricemia, cardiovascular profile, and comorbidity in older men and women: The Pro.V.A. study. Rejuvenation Res. 2017;20(1):42–49.
PMID: 27241310. https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2016.1834
36. Ding X, Zeng C, Wei J, Li H, Yang T, Zhang Y et al. The associations of serum uric acid level and hyperuricemia with knee osteoarthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2016;36(4):567–73.
PMID: 26743214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-015-3418-7
37. Howard RG, Samuels J, Gyftopoulos S, Krasnokutsky S, Leung J, Swearingen CJ, Pillinger MH. Presence of gout is associated with increased prevalence and severity of knee osteoarthritis among older men: Results of a pilot study. J Clin Rheumatol. 2015;21(2):63–71.
PMID: 25710856. PMCID: PMC4714979. https://doi.org/10.1097/RHU.0000000000000217
38. Bassiouni SARAK, El Adalany MA, Abdelsalam M, Gharbia OM. Association of serum uric acid with clinical and radiological severity of knee osteoarthritis in non-gouty patients. Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation. 2021;48:8.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43166-020-00055-w
39. Krasnokutsky S, Oshinsky C, Attur M, Ma S, Zhou H, Zheng F et al. Serum urate levels predict joint space narrowing in non-gout patients with medial knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2017;69(6):1213–20.
PMID: 28217895. PMCID: PMC5449226. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.40069
40. Xiao L, Lin S, Zhan F. The association between serum uric acid level and changes of MRI findings in knee osteoarthritis: A retrospective study (A STROBE-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(21):e15819.
PMID: 31124983. PMCID: PMC6571402. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000015819
41. Kuo CF, Chou IJ, See LC, Chen JS, Yu KH, Luo SF et al. Urate-lowering treatment and risk of total joint replacement in patients with gout. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(12):2129–39.
PMID: 30060176. PMCID: PMC6256332. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/key212
42. Xia M, Han Y, Sun L, Li D, Zhu C, Li D. The dual association of serum uric acid with the functional outcomes of patients after hip arthroplasty: 1-year follow-up study. Front Surg. 2025;12:1661819.
PMID: 41079290. PMCID: PMC12511013. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsurg.2025.1661819
43. Башкинов Р.А., Мазуров В.И., Гайдукова И.З., Инамова О.В., Петрова М.С. Особенности течения остеоартрита у пациентов с бессимптомной гиперурикемией. Терапия. 2025;11(1):16–28. (Bashkinov RA, Mazurov VI, Gaydukova IZ, Inamova OV, Petrova MS. Features of the course of osteoarthritis in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. Terapiya = Therapy. 2025;11(1):16–28 (In Russ.)).
EDN: AAFGTW. https://doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2025.1.16-28
44. Hao Y, Tang X, Xu F. Association between hyperuricemia and the risk of mortality in patients with osteoarthritis: A study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. PLoS One. 2024;19(5):e0302386.
PMID: 38713669. PMCID: PMC11075909. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0302386
45. Smolen JS, Aletaha D, McInnes I.B. Rheumatoid arthritis. Lancet. 2016;388(10055):2023–38.
PMID: 27156434. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30173-8
46. Choi HK, Mount DB, Reginato AM; American College of Physicians; American Physiological Society. Pathogenesis of gout. Ann Intern Med. 2005;143(7):499–516.
PMID: 16204163. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-7-200510040-00009
47. Zhao C, Xiao Q, Huang W, Chen Y, Yang X. Association between rheumatoid arthritis and hyperuricemia among adults: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES data. Clin Rheumatol. 2025;44(4):1759–67.
PMID: 40047989. PMCID: PMC11993441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07386-z
48. Meneshian A, Bulkley GB. The physiology of endothelial xanthine oxidase: from urate catabolism to reperfusion injury to inflammatory signal transduction. Microcirculation. 2002;9(3):161–75.
PMID: 12080414. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.mn.7800136
49. Vorbach C, Harrison R, Capecchi MR. Xanthine oxidoreductase is central to the evolution and function of the innate immune system. Trends Immunol. 2003;24(9):512–17.
PMID: 12967676. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1471-4906(03)00237-0
50. So AK, Martinon F. Inflammation in gout: mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017;13(11):639–47.
PMID: 28959043. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrrheum.2017.155
51. Kuo CF, Grainge MJ, See LC, Yu KH, Luo SF, Valdes AM et al. Familial aggregation of gout and relative genetic and environmental contributions: A nationwide population study in Taiwan. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015;74(2):369–74.
PMID: 24265412. PMCID: PMC4316854. https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204067
52. Puddu P, Puddu GM, Cravero E, Vizioli L, Muscari A. Relationships among hyperuricemia, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J Cardiol. 2012;59(3):235–42.
PMID: 22398104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.01.013
53. Edwards NL. The role of hyperuricemia in vascular disorders. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009;21(2):132–37.
PMID: 19339923. https://doi.org/10.1097/BOR.0b013e3283257b96
54. Lyngdoh T, Marques-Vidal P, Paccaud F, Preisig M, Waeber G, Bochud M, Vollenweider P. Elevated serum uric acid is associated with high circulating inflammatory cytokines in the population-based Colaus study. PLoS One. 2011;6(5):e19901.
PMID: 21625475. PMCID: PMC3098830. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019901
55. Chen DP, Wong CK, Tam LS, Li EK, Lam CW. Activation of human fibroblast-like synoviocytes by uric acid crystals in rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Mol Immunol. 2011;8(6):469–78.
PMID: 21946433. PMCID: PMC4012929. https://doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2011.35
56 Choi HK, Ford ES. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in individuals with hyperuricemia. Am J Med. 2007;120(5):442–47.
PMID: 17466656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.06.040
57. Panoulas VF, Douglas KM, Milionis HJ, Nightingale P, Kita MD, Klocke R et al. Serum uric acid is independently associated with hypertension in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Hum Hypertens. 2008;22(3):177–82.
PMID: 17960169. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.jhh.1002298
58. Panoulas VF, Milionis HJ, Douglas KM, Nightingale P, Kita MD, Klocke R et al. Association of serum uric acid with cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2007;46(9):1466–70.
PMID: 17644822. https://doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kem159
59. Daoussis D, Panoulas V, Toms T, John H, Antonopoulos I, Nightingale P et al. Uric acid is a strong independent predictor of renal dysfunction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2009;11(4):R116.
PMID: 19630964. PMCID: PMC2745798. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2775
60. Hannawi S, AlSalmi I, Moller I, Naredo E. Uric acid is independent cardiovascular risk factor, as manifested by increased carotid intima-media thickness in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Clin Rheumatol. 2017;36(8):1897–902.
PMID: 28664292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-017-3737-z
61. Мазуров В.И., Гайдукова И.З., Цинзерлинг А.Ю., Башкинов Р.А., Инамова О.В., Петрова М.С. Влияние бессимптомной гиперурикемии на частоту и структуру коморбидной патологии при ревматоидном артрите. Терапия. 2022;8(6):27–33. (Mazurov VI, Gaydukova IZ, Tsinzerling AYu, Bashkinov RA, Inamova OV, Petrova MS. The effect of asymptomatic hyperuricemia on the frequency and structure of comorbidity patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Terapiya = Therapy. 2022;8(6):27–33 (In Russ.)).
EDN: NNQMCS. https://doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2022.6.27-33
62. Chiou A, England BR, Sayles H, Thiele GM, Duryee MJ, Baker JF et al. Coexistent hyperuricemia and gout in rheumatoid arthritis: Associations with comorbidities, disease activity, and mortality. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020;72(7):950–58.
PMID: 31074584. PMCID: PMC6842395. https://doi.org/10.1002/acr.23926
63. Zou YW, Li QH, Zhu YY, Pan J, Gao JW, Lin JZ et al. Prevalence and influence of hypouricemia on cardiovascular diseases in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Med Res. 2022;27(1):260.
PMID: 36411486. PMCID: PMC9677667. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-022-00888-5
64. Petsch C, Araujo EG, Englbrecht M, Bayat S, Cavallaro A, Hueber AJ et al. Prevalence of monosodium urate deposits in a population of rheumatoid arthritis patients with hyperuricemia. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016;45(6):663–68.
PMID: 26743072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2015.11.014
65. Мазуров В.И., Гайдукова И.З., Фонтуренко А.Ю., Башкинов Р.А., Петрова М.С., Инамова О.В. Клинико-иммунологические особенности сочетанного течения ревматоидного артрита и гиперурикемии. Вестник Северо-Западного государственного медицинского университета им. И.И. Мечникова. 2021;13(3):43–52. (Mazurov VI, Gaydukova IZ, Fonturenko AY, Bashkinov RA, Petrova MS, Inamova OV. Coexistent rheumatoid arthritis and hyperuricemia: clinical and immunological features. Vestnik Severo-Zapadnogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta imeni I.I. Mechnikova = Herald of the North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov. 2021;13(3):43–52 (In Russ.)).
EDN: OSUZME. https://doi.org/10.17816/mechnikov80731
66. Цинзерлинг А.Ю., Мазуров В.И., Гайдукова И.З., Петрова М.С., Инамова О.В., Башкинов Р.А., Гончар Н.Т. Бессимптомная гиперурикемия и рентгенологическое прогрессирование ревматоидного артрита. РМЖ. Медицинское обозрение. 2022;6(8):470–479. (Tsinserling AYu, Mazurov VI, Gaydukova IZ, Petrova MS, Inamova OV, Bashkinov RA, Gonchar NT. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia and radiographic progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Russkiy meditsinskiy zhurnal. Meditsinskoye obozreniye = Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(8):470–479 (In Russ.))
EDN: UNBZWA. https://doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-8-470-479
67. Alkhudir D, Al-Herz A, Saleh K, Alawadhi A, Al-Kandari W, Hasan E et al. Is serum uric acid level associated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Open Access Rheumatol. 2023;15:223–30.
PMID: 38026718. PMCID: PMC10656862. https://doi.org/10.2147/OARRR.S418814
68. Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between uric acid and allantoin and rheumatoid arthritis. Antioxidants (Basel). 2023;12(8):1569.
PMID: 37627564. PMCID: PMC10451740. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081569
69. Alunno A, Carubbi F, Ferri C. Uric acid, colchicine and chronic inflammatory diseases: A cardiovascular perspective. Metabolites. 2025;15(7):424.
PMID: 40710524. PMCID: PMC12300793. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo15070424
70. Sherri A, Mortada MM, Makowska J, Sokolowska M, Lewandowska-Polak A. Understanding the interplay between psoriatic arthritis and gout: ”Psout”. Rheumatol Int. 2024;44(12):2699–709.
PMID: 39441397. PMCID: PMC11618146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-024-05729-8
71. AlJohani R, Polachek A, Ye JY, Chandran V, Gladman DD. Characteristic and outcome of psoriatic arthritis patients with hyperuricemia. J Rheumatol. 2018;45(2):213–17.
PMID: 29196385. https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.170384
72. Hu SC, Lin CL, Tu HP. Association between psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and gout: A nationwide population-based study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019;33(3):560–67.
PMID: 30317664. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.15290
73. Liu Z, Ma X, Chang T, Yao C, Song M, Biyue S et al. Associations between psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and gout or hyperuricemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med Sci. 2025;369(6):671–78.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2025.02.006. Erratum in: Am J Med Sci. 2025:S0002-9629(25)01132-2.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2025.07.014. PMID: 39961457.
74. Beringer A, Miossec P. Systemic effects of IL-17 in inflammatory arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(8):491–501.
PMID: 31227819. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41584-019-0243-5
75. Petrie JL, Patman GL, Sinha I, Alexander TD, Reeves HL, Agius L. The rate of production of uric acid by hepatocytes is a sensitive index of compromised cell ATP homeostasis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2013;305(10):E1255–E1265.
PMID: 24045866. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00214.2013
76. Su F, Xia Y, Huang M, Zhang L, Chen L. Expression of NLPR3 in psoriasis is associated with enhancement of interleukin-1β and caspase-1. Med Sci Monit. 2018;24:7909–13.
PMID: 30393369. PMCID: PMC6234757. https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.911347
77. Tripolino C, Ciaffi J, Ruscitti P, Giacomelli R, Meliconi R, Ursini F. Hyperuricemia in psoriatic arthritis: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical implications. Front Med (Lausanne). 2021;8:737573.
PMID: 34631755. PMCID: PMC8492931. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.737573
78. Perez-Chada LM, Merola JF. Comorbidities associated with psoriatic arthritis: Review and update. Clin Immunol. 2020;214:108397.
PMID: 32229290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2020.108397
79. Gong M, Wen S, Nguyen T, Wang C, Jin J, Zhou L. Converging relationships of obesity and hyperuricemia with special reference to metabolic disorders and plausible therapeutic implications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020;13:943–62.
PMID: 32280253. PMCID: PMC7125338. https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S232377
80. Felten R, Duret PM, Gottenberg JE, Spielmann L, Messer L. At the crossroads of gout and psoriatic arthritis: ”Psout”. Clin Rheumatol. 2020;39(5):1405–13.
PMID: 32062768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-04981-0
81. Uratsuji H, Tada Y, Kawashima T, Kamata M, Hau CS, Asano Y et al. P2Y6 receptor signaling pathway mediates inflammatory responses induced by monosodium urate crystals. J Immunol. 2012;188(1):436–44.
PMID: 22102722. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1003746
82. Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Sounidaki M, Antoniadi G, Tsialtas I, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I. Urate crystals directly activate the T-cell receptor complex and induce T-cell proliferation. Biomed Rep. 2017;7(4):365–69.
PMID: 29085633. PMCID: PMC5649536. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2017.960
83. Goldman M. Uric acid in the etiology of psoriasis. Am J Dermatopathol. 1981;3(4):397–404.
PMID: 7337193. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000372-198100340-00014
84. Widawski L, Fabacher T, Spielmann L, Gottenberg JE, Sibilia J, Duret PM et al. Psoriatic arthritis with hyperuricemia: More peripheral, destructive, and challenging to treat. Clin Rheumatol. 2022;41(5):1421–29.
PMID: 35059880. PMCID: PMC9056476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-022-06061-x
85. Galozzi P, Oliviero F, Scanu A, Lorenzin M, Ortolan A, Favero M et al. Acute joint swelling in psoriatic arthritis: Flare or ”psout” – A 10-year-monocentric study on synovial fluid. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2022;247(18):1650–56.
PMID: 35876168. PMCID: PMC9597207. https://doi.org/10.1177/15353702221110666
86. Galozzi P, Oliviero F, Frallonardo P, Favero M, Hoxha A, Scanu A et al. The prevalence of monosodium urate and calcium pyrophosphate crystals in synovial fluid from wrist and finger joints. Rheumatol Int. 2016;36(3):443–46.
PMID: 26440935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-015-3376-0
87. Oliviero F, Scanu A, Galozzi P, Gava A, Frallonardo P, Ramonda R, Punzi L. Prevalence of calcium pyrophosphate and monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid of patients with previously diagnosed joint diseases. Joint Bone Spine. 2013;80(3):287–90.
PMID: 23021157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbspin.2012.08.006
88. Geneva-Popova M., Popova-Belova S., Popova V., Stoilov N. Assessment of crystals in the synovial fluid of psoriatic arthritis patients in relation to disease activity. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(5):1260.
PMID: 35626414. PMCID: PMC9140193. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051260
89. Tabra SA, Aly HM, Ghanem S, Abu-Zaid MH. Hyperuricemia in psoriatic arthritis: Clinical correlations and implications. Clin Rheumatol. 2025;44(6):2321–26.
PMID: 40192998. PMCID: PMC12141160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07400-4
90. Tsuruta N, Imafuku S, Narisawa Y. Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for psoriatic arthritis in psoriatic patients. J Dermatol. 2017;44(12):1349–52.
PMID: 28691207. https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.13968
91. Gonzalez-Gay MA, Gonzalez-Juanatey C, Vazquez-Rodriguez TR, Gomez-Acebo I, Miranda-Filloy JA, Paz-Carreira J et al. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia and serum uric acid concentration correlate with subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriatic arthritis patients without clinically evident cardiovascular disease. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2009;39(3):157–62.
PMID: 18722649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2008.06.001
Об авторах / Для корреспонденции
Вадим Иванович Мазуров, д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, главный научный консультант, директор Научно-исследовательского института ревматологии, заведующий кафедрой терапии и ревматологии им. Э.Э. Эйхвальда ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России, руководитель Городского центра диагностики и лечения аутоиммунных ревматических заболеваний СПб ГБУЗ «Клиническая ревматологическая больница № 25 им. В.А. Насоновой», вице-президент РНМОТ, первый вице-президент Ассоциации ревматологов России, заслуженный деятель науки РФ. Адрес: 191015, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41.E-mail: maz.nwgmu@yandex.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0797-2051. Scopus Author ID: 16936315400. eLibrary SPIN-код: 6823-5482
Роман Андреевич Башкинов, к. м. н., ассистент кафедры терапии и ревматологии им. Э.Э. Эйхвальда ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России, врач-ревматолог СПб ГБУЗ «Клиническая ревматологическая больница № 25 им. В.А. Насоновой». Адрес: 191015,
г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41.
E-mail: bashkinov-roman@mail.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9344-1304. Scopus Author ID: 57221994610. eLibrary SPIN-код: 5169-5066
Евгений Александрович Трофимов, д. м. н., доцент, ученый секретарь, заместитель директора Научно-исследовательского института ревматологии, профессор кафедры терапии и ревматологии им. Э.Э. Эйхвальда ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России. Адрес: 191015, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кирочная, д. 41.
E-mail: evgeniy.trofimov@szgmu.ru
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-4485. Scopus Author ID: 57082588900. eLibrary SPIN-код: 4358-1663



