Expression of innate immunity TLR3 and TLR7 receptors at the level of the upper respiratory airways’ mucosa in patients with severe COVID-19


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2023.2.7-13

Abramova N.D., Soshchenko T.D., Meremyanina E.A., Solntseva V.K., Zheleznyak V.N., Svitich O.A.

1) I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines And Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, Moscow; 2) I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia (Sechenov University)
Abstract. Human lungs perform critical functions in gas exchange and are a large and complex but vulnerable mucosal surface that interacts with a variety of microorganisms in the environment. Pulmonary cells, including type II pneumocytes and ciliated airway epithelial cells, are the main targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lungs. When these cells are exposed to action of pathogens, innate immune signaling cascades are initiated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which include several classes of cellular sensors distributed on cell membranes and in cytosol to maximize virus detection at several stages of the replication cycle, including viral entry and genome replication.
The aim of the presented work was to study the expression profile and molecular mechanisms of innate immunity recognition molecules in response to the SARS CoV-2 virus, which can later be used as one of the ways to control the immune system in response to the action of pathogen.
Material and methods. The study included patients who recovered from a severe form of COVID-19 (n=26). The control group (n=10) consisted of conditionally healthy individuals. The level of TLR3 and TLR7 genes expression was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription methodic.
Results and conclusion. A decrease in the expression profile of innate recognition molecules at the level of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract in response to SARS-CoV-2 virus invasion was fixed.
Keywords: Toll-like receptors (TLR), SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, innate immunity
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About the Autors

Natalya D. Abramova, junior researcher at the Laboratory of molecular immunology, I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Address: 105064, Moscow, 5A Maly Kazenny Lane. E-mail: and960911@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7307-0515
Tala D. Soshchenko, laboratory researcher at the Laboratory of molecular immunology, I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Address: 105064, Moscow, 5A Maly Kazenny Lane. E-mail: talasoschenko17@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1665-7734
Ekaterina A. Meremyanina, researcher at the laboratory of molecular immunology, I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Address: 105064, Moscow, 5A Maly Kazenny Lane. E-mail: ekaterina@meremianina.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-1473
Victoria K. Solntseva, PhD in Medical Sciences, senior lecturer at the Department of microbiology, virology and immunology named after academician A.A. Vorobyov, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia (Sechenov University). Address: 119991, Moscow, 8/2 Trubetskaya Str. E-mail: speech_to_vika@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3783-9232
Vadim N. Zheleznyak, PhD in Medical Sciences, senior researcher at the Laboratory for epidemiological analysis and monitoring of infectious diseases, I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Address: 105064, Moscow, 5A Maly Kazenny Lane. E-mail: vng150@mail.ru.
Oksana A. Svitich, MD, professor of RAS, corresponding member of RAS, professor of the Department of microbiology, virology and immunology named after academician A.A. Vorobyov of F.F. Erisman Institute of Public Health of
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia (Sechenov University), director of I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia. Address: 105064, Moscow, 5A Maly Kazenny Lane. E-mail: svitichoa@yandex.ru.
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1757-8389


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