Subclinical anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged persons: Occurrence, association with cardiac risk factors and multimorbidity


DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18565/therapy.2023.5.51-60

Larina V.N., Glibko K.V., Arakelov S.E., Kasaeva D.A.

1) N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, Moscow; 2) City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow
Abstract. Studies aimed at studying cardiovascular risk factors (CVR) in young and middle-aged people are few and usually limited to traditional risk factors (RF) estimation.
The aim: to assess the incidence of anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged people, their relationship with CV risk factors and multimorbidity.
Material and methods. A cross-sectional comparative study was made; it involved 94 individuals aged 25–59 years. A physical examination, assessment of RF, CVR, comorbidities, anxiety and depression on the HADS scale were performed.
Results. The majority of those included in the study were young (89,3%) and female (61,8%), had an active lifestyle (80.9%) and corresponded to a low cardiovascular risk (80,8%). Overweight was present in 37,5%, obesity in 12,7%, coronary heart disease (CHD) in 11,7%, diabetes mellitus (DM) in 10,6% of patients, and 27,6% smoked. Anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders were detected in 36,2% of patients: 29,8% had subclinical anxiety, 14,9% had subclinical depression. The association of subclinical anxiety-depressive status with moderate CV risk (OR 29,3) was confirmed. DM (OR 8,7), cardiovascular diseases in parents (OR 4,2), sedentary lifestyle (OR 4,0), CHD (OR 36,1), DM (OR 30,8), obesity (OR 6,2) and multimorbidity (OR 17,8) were associated with subclinical anxiety.
Conclusion. Association of subclinical anxiety and depression with moderate CV risk and CHD, DM, multimorbidity – with subclinical anxiety allows us to consider the latter as an additional modifier of early cardiovascular multimorbidity. The results confirm the advisability of screening for subclinical anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged individuals with moderate CV risk, as it is an accessible method for obtaining additional information that allows initiating a comprehensive risk assessment.
Keywords: subclinical anxiety and depression, middle age, multimorbidity, young age, cardiovascular risk
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About the Autors

Vera N. Larina, MD, professor, head of the Department of polyclinic therapy of the Faculty of general medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia. Address: 117997, Moscow, 1 Ostrovityanova Str. E-mail: larinav@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7825-5597
Kirill V. Glibko, assistant at the Department of polyclinic therapy of the Faculty of general medicine, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russia, general practitioner at City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 115280, Moscow, 1/1 Velozavodskaya Str. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-2791
Sergei E. Arakelov, MD, head of the Department of family medicine with a course of palliative care of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, chief physician of City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 115280, Moscow, 1/1 Velozavodskaya Str. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3911-8543
Diana A. Kasaeva, head of the polyclinic of City Clinical Hospital No. 13 of the Department of Healthcare of Moscow. Address: 115280, Moscow, 1/1Velozavodskaya Str. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-9666


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